TCP Streams as Transactions/ADUs

• Advantages:

• • Reliability, ordering within each ADU
  • Independence, parallelism between ADUs
  • ☞ Application-Layer Framing [Clark/Tennenhouse]

• Disadvantages:

• • Setup cost: 3-way handshake per stream
  • Setup cost: slow start per stream
  • Shutdown cost: 4-minute TIME-WAIT period
  • Network cost: firewall/NAT state per stream
  • Network cost: unfair congestion control behavior